Histological and histochemical changes of liver, kidney and testis of albino rat after experimental application of oseltamivir phosphate[tamiflu]

To evaluate the side effect of oseltamivir phosphate on the normal histological structure of some organs such as liverkidney -testis of albino rats and its effect on the glycogen content by histochemical investigation. Twenty male albino rats weighing 120-130 g were divided into two groups, the first group [10 rats] served as control and the second group [10 rats] received 2.2 mg/kg/d of the drug oseltamivir phosphate for 5 days. This dose is equivalent to the human dose according to the drug instruction [75 mg twice daily for 5 consecutive days] for the treatment of influenza virus H5N1. The animals were sacrificed at the 6th day and tissue samples were taken and processed for histological and histochemical studies. Oseltamivir phosphate administration leads to many histopathological changes in liver, kidney and testis compared to the control tissues. Histochemically the glycogen content [general carbohydrates] showed marked increase. Experimentally the dosing schedule of oseltamivir phosphate for treatment and prevention of influenza needs more studies and it is recommended to be changed to avoid the possible histopathological changes which might happen as those reported in this experimental study

protective role of ginger [zingiber officinale] against acrylamide induced neurotoxicity in mice

To evaluate the possible improvement in the histological and ultrastructural features of spinal cord and cerebellum of mice treated with ginger together with acrylamide. Thirty male adult CD-1 mice were divided into three groups, the first group [10 mice, served as control, the second group[10 mice] received 200 p.p.mn of acrylamide for 10 weeks [3 days/week] and the third group [10 mice] animals received ethanolic ginger extract at 50 mg/L [-5]for 10 weeks [3 days/week]. The animals were sacrificed and us sue samples were taken and processed for ultrastructural study. Acrylamide administration induced necrosis of the spinal cord motor neurons, degeneration of the myelinated and non-myelinated nerve fibers. The neuropil exhibited edema, vaculation and shrinkage of cerebellum neurons. In addition the damage of most cellular organdies such mitochondria, Golgi complex, rough endoplasmic reticulum, and irregularity of the nuclei which became peripheral in position, edema of tile neuropil and damage of the synaptic sites. On the contrary, in animals received ginger extract, the nervous tissue revealed improvement of the histology and ultrastructure of the tissues which became almost similar to tile control group tissue. It is possible to suggest that ginger may have a significant importance in protection against acrylamide induced neurological damage